Coordination of transmit authorization in a shared spectrum environment for 5G or other next generation network

ABSTRACT

Terminal devices can request and receive authorization to transmit on the same channel for which a serving base station that can serve the terminal devices has authorization to transmit. Upon transmit authorization or termination being received from a spectrum administration system, the base station can autonomously update the system information it broadcasts. Thus, terminal devices connected to the serving base station can be informed about the channel that the terminal device should request authorization to transmit on.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to facilitating spectrum authorizationbetween transmission devices. For example, this disclosure relates tofacilitating spectrum authorization between transmission devices in ashared spectrum environment for a 5G, or other next generation network,air interface.

BACKGROUND

5th generation (5G) wireless systems represent a next major phase ofmobile telecommunications standards beyond the currenttelecommunications standards of 4^(th) generation (4G). Rather thanfaster peak Internet connection speeds, 5G planning aims at highercapacity than current 4G, allowing a higher number of mobile broadbandusers per area unit, and allowing consumption of higher or unlimiteddata quantities. This would enable a large portion of the population tostream high-definition media many hours per day with their mobiledevices, when out of reach of wireless fidelity hotspots. 5G researchand development also aims at improved support of machine-to-machinecommunication, also known as the Internet of things, aiming at lowercost, lower battery consumption, and lower latency than 4G equipment.

The above-described background relating to facilitating spectrumauthorization between transmission devices is merely intended to providea contextual overview of some current issues, and is not intended to beexhaustive. Other contextual information may become further apparentupon review of the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the subject disclosureare described with reference to the following figures, wherein likereference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various viewsunless otherwise specified.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system in which anetwork node device (e.g., network node) and user equipment (UE) canimplement various aspects and embodiments of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram oftransmission grant coordination according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram oftransmission grant coordination according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram oftransmission grant coordination according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram of a devicetransmission suspension notice according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram of a basestation transmission suspension notice according to one or moreembodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example flow diagram for a method for transmissionauthorization for a according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example flow diagram for a system for transmissionauthorization for a according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example flow diagram for a machine-readable mediumfor transmission authorization for a according to one or moreembodiments.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset operable to engage in a system architecture that facilitatessecure wireless communication according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates securewireless communication according to one or more embodiments describedherein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth toprovide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. One skilled inthe relevant art will recognize, however, that the techniques describedherein can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, orwith other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances,well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown ordescribed in detail to avoid obscuring certain aspects.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” or “anembodiment,” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment,” “in one aspect,” or “in an embodiment,” in various placesthroughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

As utilized herein, terms “component,” “system,” “interface,” and thelike are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware,software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a componentcan be a processor, a process running on a processor, an object, anexecutable, a program, a storage device, and/or a computer. By way ofillustration, an application running on a server and the server can be acomponent. One or more components can reside within a process, and acomponent can be localized on one computer and/or distributed betweentwo or more computers.

Further, these components can execute from various machine-readablemedia having various data structures stored thereon. The components cancommunicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance witha signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one componentinteracting with another component in a local system, distributedsystem, and/or across a network, e.g., the Internet, a local areanetwork, a wide area network, etc. with other systems via the signal).

As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry; the electric or electronic circuitry can beoperated by a software application or a firmware application executed byone or more processors; the one or more processors can be internal orexternal to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of thesoftware or firmware application. As yet another example, a componentcan be an apparatus that provides specific functionality throughelectronic components without mechanical parts; the electroniccomponents can include one or more processors therein to executesoftware and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, thefunctionality of the electronic components. In an aspect, a componentcan emulate an electronic component via a virtual machine, e.g., withina cloud computing system.

The words “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” are used herein to meanserving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance ofdoubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by suchexamples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as“exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed aspreferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meantto preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known tothose of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that theterms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used ineither the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intendedto be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an opentransition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.

As used herein, the term “infer” or “inference” refers generally to theprocess of reasoning about, or inferring states of, the system,environment, user, and/or intent from a set of observations as capturedvia events and/or data. Captured data and events can include user data,device data, environment data, data from sensors, sensor data,application data, implicit data, explicit data, etc. Inference can beemployed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states of interest based on aconsideration of data and events, for example.

Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources. Various classificationschemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks,expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusionengines) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/orinferred action in connection with the disclosed subject matter.

In addition, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented as amethod, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programmingand/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware,or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement thedisclosed subject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as usedherein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, machine-readable device, computer-readablecarrier, computer-readable media, or machine-readable media. Forexample, computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, amagnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magneticstrip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video disc(DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory device (e.g.,card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that emulates a storagedevice and/or any of the above computer-readable media.

As an overview, various embodiments are described herein to facilitatespectrum authorization between transmission devices for a 5G airinterface or other next generation networks. For simplicity ofexplanation, the methods (or algorithms) are depicted and described as aseries of acts. It is to be understood and appreciated that the variousembodiments are not limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the orderof acts. For example, acts can occur in various orders and/orconcurrently, and with other acts not presented or described herein.Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement themethods. In addition, the methods could alternatively be represented asa series of interrelated states via a state diagram or events.Additionally, the methods described hereafter are capable of beingstored on an article of manufacture (e.g., a machine-readable storagemedium) to facilitate transporting and transferring such methodologiesto computers. The term article of manufacture, as used herein, isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, carrier, or media, including a non-transitorymachine-readable storage medium.

It should be noted that although various aspects and embodiments havebeen described herein in the context of 5G, Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS), and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE), orother next generation networks, the disclosed aspects are not limited to5G, a UMTS implementation, and/or an LTE implementation as thetechniques can also be applied in 3G, 4G or LTE systems. For example,aspects or features of the disclosed embodiments can be exploited insubstantially any wireless communication technology. Such wirelesscommunication technologies can include UMTS, Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA), Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, ThirdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation PartnershipProject 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access(HSPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed DownlinkPacket Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Zigbee,or another IEEE 802.12 technology. Additionally, substantially allaspects disclosed herein can be exploited in legacy telecommunicationtechnologies.

Described herein are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, andother embodiments or implementations that can facilitate spectrumauthorization between transmission devices for a 5G network.Facilitating spectrum authorization between transmission devices for a5G network can be implemented in connection with any type of device witha connection to the communications network (e.g., a mobile handset, acomputer, a handheld device, etc.) any Internet of things (TOT) device(e.g., toaster, coffee maker, blinds, music players, speakers, etc.),and/or any connected vehicles (cars, airplanes, space rockets, and/orother at least partially automated vehicles (e.g., drones)). In someembodiments the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is used. It canrefer to any type of wireless device that communicates with a radionetwork node in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples ofUE are target device, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UEcapable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobileterminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped (LEE), laptop mountedequipment (LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the terms element, elementsand antenna ports can be interchangeably used but carry the same meaningin this disclosure. The embodiments are applicable to single carrier aswell as to multicarrier (MC) or carrier aggregation (CA) operation ofthe UE. The term carrier aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g.interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system”, “multi-cell operation”,“multi-carrier operation”, “multi-carrier” transmission and/orreception.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term radio network node or simplynetwork node is used. It can refer to any type of network node thatserves UE is connected to other network nodes or network elements or anyradio node from where UE receives a signal. Examples of radio networknodes are Node B, base station (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR) nodesuch as MSR BS, eNode B, network controller, radio network controller(RNC), base station controller (BSC), relay, donor node controllingrelay, base transceiver station (BTS), access point (AP), transmissionpoints, transmission nodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributed antennasystem (DAS) etc.

Cloud radio access networks (RAN) can enable the implementation ofconcepts such as software-defined network (SDN) and network functionvirtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This disclosure can facilitate ageneric channel state information framework design for a 5G network.Certain embodiments of this disclosure can comprise an SDN controllerthat can control routing of traffic within the network and between thenetwork and traffic destinations. The SDN controller can be merged withthe 5G network architecture to enable service deliveries via openapplication programming interfaces (“APIs”) and move the network coretowards an all internet protocol (“IP”), cloud based, and softwaredriven telecommunications network. The SDN controller can work with, ortake the place of policy and charging rules function (“PCRF”) networkelements so that policies such as quality of service and trafficmanagement and routing can be synchronized and managed end to end.

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G standards canbe applied 5G, also called new radio (NR) access. 5G networks cancomprise the following: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond supported for tens of thousands of users; 1 gigabit per secondcan be offered simultaneously to tens of workers on the same officefloor; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections can besupported for massive sensor deployments; spectral efficiency can beenhanced compared to 4G; improved coverage; enhanced signalingefficiency; and reduced latency compared to LTE. In multicarrier systemsuch as OFDM, each subcarrier can occupy bandwidth (e.g., subcarrierspacing). If the carriers use the same bandwidth spacing, then it can beconsidered a single numerology. However, if the carriers occupydifferent bandwidth and/or spacing, then it can be considered a multiplenumerology.

This disclosure comprises a comprehensive set of procedures under whichthe network (e.g., a base station) can indirectly control spectrumauthorization for devices that also require explicit spectrumauthorization. Terminal devices can request and receive authorization totransmit on the same channel(s) for which the serving base stations andother base stations that could serve the terminal devices haveauthorization to transmit. Upon transmit authorization or terminationbeing received from a spectrum administration system, the base stationcan autonomously update the system information it broadcasts, soterminal devices connected to the serving base station can be informedabout the channel(s) the device should request authorization to transmiton. The base station can select one or more channels, from within a listof authorized channels received from the spectrum administration system,on which to transmit. The channel selection mechanism at the basestation can consider radio frequency (RF) measurements and/or includenegotiation with the spectrum administration system or other factors.Upon receiving authorization to transmit, the base station can transmiton any of the channels for which it has requested and receivedauthorization from the spectrum administration system.

Terminal devices, independently from and asynchronously with the basestation, can obtain authorization from the spectrum administrationsystem for the same channels used by the base station. That requires aprocedure by which the base station continuously informs the terminaldevices of the channels upon which it is has received authorization totransmit, and by which the terminal device correspondingly obtains andrelinquishes its own permission to transmit from the spectrumadministration system. Such a procedure can consider the dynamics ofshared spectrum operations where transmit authorizations can be grantedor terminated by the spectrum administration system at any given time.The terminal device can, through standards-based procedures (e.g., LTEor NR), tune its receiver to and camp on a channel used by the basestation and connect to the network on that channel. The terminal devicecan then request authorization to transmit on the channel that it usesto connect to the network. The base station can generally acquireauthorization to transmit on a list of multiple channels, and can alsoidentify this list of channels to the terminal devices it serves. Thebase station can identify this list of channels to the terminal devicesthrough the use of a “neighbor channel” information broadcast in astandard LTE system information block. An LTE or 5G NR base station (eNBor gNB) can broadcast a group of system information blocks (SIBs) onevery channel on which it transmits, providing basic system informationto terminal devices to enable them to connect to the network. One ofthese SIBs (e.g., SIBS) can carry a list of “neighbor channels”. Thisprocess can be used to inform devices of frequencies to which the devicecan be handed over as it moves through the network. The proposedsolution in this disclosure is for the device to use the list ofneighbor channels in the SIBS to determine the exact channels for whichit can request authorization to transmit from the spectrumadministration system.

Because the spectrum administration system can independently andasynchronously authorize transmission for base stations and devices, andbecause the location, orientation, and transmit power of the basestation and of each device can differ, it is possible for the spectrumadministration system to suspend (temporarily) or revoke (permanently)authorization to transmit on a channel for one or more devices whileallowing the serving base station to retain its authorization totransmit on that channel. It is also possible for the spectrumadministration system to suspend (temporarily) or revoke (permanently)authorization to transmit on a channel for a base station while allowingone or more devices to retain their authorization to transmit on thatchannel. In the first case, in the event of a base station attempting tohand over a device to a channel on which the device does not haveauthorization to transmit, the handover can fail, causing a serviceinterruption. Additionally, should a significant percentage of deviceslose authorization to transmit on a frequency, the serving base stationcan be unable to effectively use that frequency even if it retainsauthorization to transmit on it.

Channel conditions included in measurement reports from terminal devicesto the base station can be used by the base station to decide whichchannel a device should be handed over and what channel(s) the basestation can request permission to transmit from the spectrumadministration system. These measurement reports provided by theterminal devices can incorporate information about the channels on whichthe device has authorization to transmit. Device measurement reportssent to the base station can be utilized as a mechanism for the deviceto inform the base station about the channels on which it is authorizedto transmit. Upon receiving the lists of authorized channels for servedterminal devices, the base station can compare the received devices'lists of channels with its own list of authorized channels. If theresult of that comparison shows a considerable gap between the twochannel lists, the base station can initiate a transmit authorizationrequest towards the spectrum administration system for those channelsthat the base station is missing authorization to transmit.Standards-based LTE or 5G NR air interface procedures can be used by theserving base station to request a device to provide on-demand and/orscheduled measurement reports for a list of specific channels, as wellas for any channels for which the device receives a signal that are notexplicitly identified by the serving base station. Under the proposedsolution, the device can send on-demand and/or scheduled measurementreports for channels for which it is authorized to transmit by thespectrum administration system. Should the device not be authorized bythe spectrum administration system to transmit on a given channel, thedevice cannot send on-demand or scheduled measurement reports for thatchannel. Such an approach can prevent the base station from attemptingto handover a device to a channel on which it is not authorized totransmit. Per standard LTE or 5G NR air interface procedures, the basestation can only handover a device to a channel if the device reportssignal measurements for that channel that exceeds signal strength andquality thresholds. The absence of a channel-specific measurement canprevent the handover attempt. Under the proposed solution a processor inthe base station and/or in an administrative system receiving aggregatedinformation from the base station(s) can use the set of measurementreports received to evaluate the “robustness” or quality of the channelson which it is authorized to transmit. The processor can aggregate thereceived measurement data to identify any channels on which the basestation is authorized to transmit, but for which an “excessive”(configurable by the network operator) number of connected devices arenot reporting measurements (e.g., not themselves authorized totransmit). For that particular channel or channels, the processor caninstruct the base station to “relinquish” its authorization to transmiton that channel(s) and possibly request from the spectrum administrationsystem authorization to transmit on a different channel(s) where thesame process can begin again.

In another embodiment, devices and base stations can both requireperiodic reconfirmation of their authorization to transmit (to complywith Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Part 96 rules for thecitizens broadband radio service (CBRS) band, this reconfirmation can beno less frequent than every four minutes). Devices and base stations canindependently reconfirm transmit authorization, and these procedures canbe independent and asynchronous. The spectrum administration system cantherefore suspend or revoke a device's authorization to transmit on aspecific channel while maintaining transmit authorization for itsserving base station on that specific channel. FCC Part 96 rules requirea transmitter to stop transmitting on a specific channel within 60seconds of being so instructed by the spectrum administration system.While the device can independently select a different channel from thelist of channels on which it is authorized to transmit and retune tothat channel, doing so can result in a service interruption (as theunderlying air interface technology requires it to stop transmitting onthe channel for which it is no longer authorized before it can begintransmitting on the new channel). Standards-based (e.g., 3GPP LTE or 5GNR) procedures for handover in a wireless network can enable a device toswitch from one channel to another without a service interruption.However, handover can be performed under the control of the base station(in mobile networks, signal measurements sent from the device to thebase station trigger the base station to initiate a handover).Standards-based devices do not have the capability to autonomouslyinitiate a handover.

This disclosure can manage the timing of the authorization requests bythe base station and devices to ensure that, should the spectrumadministration system suspend or revoke authorization to transmit for abase station and its served devices, the base station can stoptransmitting before the devices are required to stop transmitting. Thiscan be performed by the following: requiring the base station to sendits ongoing requests for continued authorization (“heartbeat” messages)more frequently than 60 seconds apart, requiring the base station tostop transmitting on a channel (and initiate handover of all devicesconnected via that channel) immediately upon receiving an indicationthat its authorization to transmit has been suspended or revoked,requiring the devices to send their ongoing requests for continuedauthorization (a.k.a. “heartbeat” message) as infrequently as possibleto meet the operational rules (under US FCC Part 96 rules for the CBRSband, this is every four minutes), requiring the devices to wait sixtyseconds after receiving an indication that authorization to transmit hasbeen suspended or revoked before autonomously stopping transmitting onthe suspended/revoked channel and selecting a new channel to transmiton.

In one embodiment, described herein is a method comprising receiving, bya first network device comprising a processor, authorization datarepresentative of an authorization to transmit a signal via a wirelesschannel from a second network device of a wireless network. The methodcan comprise selecting, by the first network device, the wirelesschannel from a group of channels for a wireless transmission in responseto the receiving. Additionally, in response to the selecting thewireless channel for the wireless transmission, the method can compriseupdating, by the first network device, channel data representative ofthe wireless channel to be used for the wireless transmission.

According to another embodiment, a system can facilitate receiving, froma wireless network device, authorization data, representative of anauthorization to utilize a first wireless channel of a wireless network.The system can comprise receiving, from a base station device, channeldata, representative of the first wireless channel, to be used for atransmission with the base station device of the wireless network.Furthermore, in response to the receiving the channel data, the systemcan comprise relinquishing an ability to transmit wireless data via asecond wireless channel of the wireless network.

According to yet another embodiment, described herein is amachine-readable storage medium that can perform the operationscomprising receiving, from a first wireless network device of a wirelessnetwork, permission data representative of a permission to transmit asignal via a wireless channel. In response to the receiving thepermission data, the machine-readable storage medium can perform theoperations comprising transmitting the signal via the wireless channel.Additionally, in response to the transmitting of the signal, themachine-readable storage medium can perform the operations comprisingreceiving an indication of a selection of the wireless channel for atransmission by a second wireless network device to the base stationdevice.

These and other embodiments or implementations are described in moredetail below with reference to the drawings.

Referring now to FIG. 1, illustrated is an example wirelesscommunication system 100 in accordance with various aspects andembodiments of the subject disclosure. In one or more embodiments,system 100 can comprise one or more user equipment UEs 102. Thenon-limiting term user equipment can refer to any type of device thatcan communicate with a network node in a cellular or mobilecommunication system. A UE can have one or more antenna panels havingvertical and horizontal elements. Examples of a UE comprise a targetdevice, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE capable ofmachine to machine (M2M) communications, personal digital assistant(PDA), tablet, mobile terminals, smart phone, laptop mounted equipment(LME), universal serial bus (USB) dongles enabled for mobilecommunications, a computer having mobile capabilities, a mobile devicesuch as cellular phone, a laptop having laptop embedded equipment (LEE,such as a mobile broadband adapter), a tablet computer having a mobilebroadband adapter, a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, aheads-up display (HUD) device, a smart car, a machine-type communication(MTC) device, and the like. User equipment UE 102 can also comprise IOTdevices that communicate wirelessly.

In various embodiments, system 100 is or comprises a wirelesscommunication network serviced by one or more wireless communicationnetwork providers. In example embodiments, a UE 102 can becommunicatively coupled to the wireless communication network via anetwork node 104. The network node (e.g., network node device) cancommunicate with user equipment (UE), thus providing connectivitybetween the UE and the wider cellular network. The UE 102 can sendtransmission type recommendation data to the network node 104. Thetransmission type recommendation data can comprise a recommendation totransmit data via a closed loop MIMO mode and/or a rank-1 precoder mode.

A network node can have a cabinet and other protected enclosures, anantenna mast, and multiple antennas for performing various transmissionoperations (e.g., MIMO operations). Network nodes can serve severalcells, also called sectors, depending on the configuration and type ofantenna. In example embodiments, the UE 102 can send and/or receivecommunication data via a wireless link to the network node 104. Thedashed arrow lines from the network node 104 to the UE 102 representdownlink (DL) communications and the solid arrow lines from the UE 102to the network nodes 104 represents an uplink (UL) communication.

System 100 can further include one or more communication serviceprovider networks that facilitate providing wireless communicationservices to various UEs, including UE 102, via the network node 104and/or various additional network devices (not shown) included in theone or more communication service provider networks. The one or morecommunication service provider networks can include various types ofdisparate networks, including but not limited to: cellular networks,femto networks, picocell networks, microcell networks, internet protocol(IP) networks Wi-Fi service networks, broadband service network,enterprise networks, cloud based networks, and the like. For example, inat least one implementation, system 100 can be or include a large scalewireless communication network that spans various geographic areas.According to this implementation, the one or more communication serviceprovider networks can be or include the wireless communication networkand/or various additional devices and components of the wirelesscommunication network (e.g., additional network devices and cell,additional UEs, network server devices, etc.). The network node 104 canbe connected to the one or more communication service provider networksvia one or more backhaul links 108. For example, the one or morebackhaul links 108 can comprise wired link components, such as a T1/E1phone line, a digital subscriber line (DSL) (e.g., either synchronous orasynchronous), an asymmetric DSL (ADSL), an optical fiber backbone, acoaxial cable, and the like. The one or more backhaul links 108 can alsoinclude wireless link components, such as but not limited to,line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS links which can include terrestrialair-interfaces or deep space links (e.g., satellite communication linksfor navigation).

Wireless communication system 100 can employ various cellular systems,technologies, and modulation modes to facilitate wireless radiocommunications between devices (e.g., the UE 102, 106 and the networknode 104). While example embodiments might be described for 5G new radio(NR) systems, the embodiments can be applicable to any radio accesstechnology (RAT) or multi-RAT system where the UE operates usingmultiple carriers e.g., LTE FDD/TDD, GSM/GERAN, CDMA2000 etc.

For example, system 100 can operate in accordance with global system formobile communications (GSM), universal mobile telecommunications service(UMTS), long term evolution (LTE), LTE frequency division duplexing (LTEFDD, LTE time division duplexing (TDD), high speed packet access (HSPA),code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCMDA), CDMA2000,time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access(FDMA), multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA),single-carrier code division multiple access (SC-CDMA), single-carrierFDMA (SC-FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM),discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM) single carrierFDMA (SC-FDMA), Filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), zero tailDFT-spread-OFDM (ZT DFT-s-OFDM), generalized frequency divisionmultiplexing (GFDM), fixed mobile convergence (FMC), universal fixedmobile convergence (UFMC), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), unique wordDFT-spread OFDM (UW DFT-Spread-OFDM), cyclic prefix OFDM CP-OFDM,resource-block-filtered OFDM, Wi Fi, WLAN, WiMax, and the like. However,various features and functionalities of system 100 are particularlydescribed wherein the devices (e.g., the UEs 102 and the network device104) of system 100 are configured to communicate wireless signals usingone or more multi carrier modulation schemes, wherein data symbols canbe transmitted simultaneously over multiple frequency subcarriers (e.g.,OFDM, CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC, etc.). The embodiments areapplicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier (MC) or carrieraggregation (CA) operation of the UE. The term carrier aggregation (CA)is also called (e.g., interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system”,“multi-cell operation”, “multi-carrier operation”, “multi-carrier”transmission and/or reception. Note that some embodiments are alsoapplicable for Multi RAB (radio bearers) on some carriers (that is dataplus speech is simultaneously scheduled).

In various embodiments, system 100 can be configured to provide andemploy 5G wireless networking features and functionalities. 5G wirelesscommunication networks are expected to fulfill the demand ofexponentially increasing data traffic and to allow people and machinesto enjoy gigabit data rates with virtually zero latency. Compared to 4G,5G supports more diverse traffic scenarios. For example, in addition tothe various types of data communication between conventional UEs (e.g.,phones, smartphones, tablets, PCs, televisions, Internet enabledtelevisions, etc.) supported by 4G networks, 5G networks can be employedto support data communication between smart cars in association withdriverless car environments, as well as machine type communications(MTCs). Considering the drastic different communication needs of thesedifferent traffic scenarios, the ability to dynamically configurewaveform parameters based on traffic scenarios while retaining thebenefits of multi carrier modulation schemes (e.g., OFDM and relatedschemes) can provide a significant contribution to the highspeed/capacity and low latency demands of 5G networks. With waveformsthat split the bandwidth into several sub-bands, different types ofservices can be accommodated in different sub-bands with the mostsuitable waveform and numerology, leading to an improved spectrumutilization for 5G networks.

To meet the demand for data centric applications, features of proposed5G networks can comprise: increased peak bit rate (e.g., 20 Gbps),larger data volume per unit area (e.g., high system spectralefficiency—for example about 3.5 times that of spectral efficiency oflong term evolution (LTE) systems), high capacity that allows moredevice connectivity both concurrently and instantaneously, lowerbattery/power consumption (which reduces energy and consumption costs),better connectivity regardless of the geographic region in which a useris located, a larger numbers of devices, lower infrastructuraldevelopment costs, and higher reliability of the communications. Thus,5G networks can allow for: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond should be supported for tens of thousands of users, 1 gigabit persecond to be offered simultaneously to tens of workers on the sameoffice floor, for example; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneousconnections to be supported for massive sensor deployments; improvedcoverage, enhanced signaling efficiency; reduced latency compared toLTE.

The upcoming 5G access network can utilize higher frequencies (e.g., >6GHz) to aid in increasing capacity. Currently, much of the millimeterwave (mmWave) spectrum, the band of spectrum between 30 gigahertz (Ghz)and 300 Ghz is underutilized. The millimeter waves have shorterwavelengths that range from 10 millimeters to 1 millimeter, and thesemmWave signals experience severe path loss, penetration loss, andfading. However, the shorter wavelength at mmWave frequencies alsoallows more antennas to be packed in the same physical dimension, whichallows for large-scale spatial multiplexing and highly directionalbeamforming.

Performance can be improved if both the transmitter and the receiver areequipped with multiple antennas. Multi-antenna techniques cansignificantly increase the data rates and reliability of a wirelesscommunication system. The use of multiple input multiple output (MIMO)techniques, which was introduced in the third-generation partnershipproject (3GPP) and has been in use (including with LTE), is amulti-antenna technique that can improve the spectral efficiency oftransmissions, thereby significantly boosting the overall data carryingcapacity of wireless systems. The use of multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) techniques can improve mmWave communications, and has been widelyrecognized a potentially important component for access networksoperating in higher frequencies. MIMO can be used for achievingdiversity gain, spatial multiplexing gain and beamforming gain. Forthese reasons, MIMO systems are an important part of the 3rd and 4thgeneration wireless systems, and are planned for use in 5G systems.

Referring now to FIG. 2, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of transmission grant coordination according to one ormore embodiments. FIG. 2 illustrates the system 200 comprising steps1-6. At step 1, the base station 104 can request authorization from thespectrum administration system 206 for three channels (e.g., 1, 2, and3. At step 2, the spectrum administration system 206 can provideauthorization for channels 1, 2, and 3. At step 3, the base station 104can begin transmitting on the three authorized channels 1, 2, and 3. Atstep 4, using standard LTE or 5G NR air interface procedures (it shouldbe noted that other air interface procedures are possible), devices(e.g., device A and device B) in range of the base station 104 canselect a channel to connect to the network. Assume device A 202 selectschannel 1, and device B 204 selects channel 3. At step 5, device A 202can request authorization for channel 1 based on its selection ofchannel 1 to connect to the base station 104, and device B 204 canrequest authorization for channel 3 based on its selection of channel 3to connect to the base station 104. Consequently, at step 6, devices Aand B can receive authorization to transmit on channels 1 and 3,respectively.

Referring now to FIG. 3, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of transmission grant coordination according to one ormore embodiments. In addition to the above, FIG. 3 depicts a system 300comprising steps 7-9 continued from FIG. 2. Device A 202 can beconnected on channel 1 and device B 204 can be connected on channel 3.At step 7, the base station 104, as part of standard LTE or 5G NR airinterface processing, can broadcast a SIBS message, on channel 1, thatcontains the identities of channel 2 and channel 3, and broadcast a SIBSmessage, on channel 3, that contains the identities of channel 1 andchannel 2. At step 8, the device A can request authorization for channel2 and for channel 3 based on receiving the identities of channel 2 andchannel 3 in the SIBS message. Device B can request authorization forchannel 1 and for channel 2 based on receiving the identities of channel1 and channel 2 in the SIBS message. At step 9, the devices A and B canreceive authorization to transmit on channels 2 and 3, and 1 and 2,respectively.

Referring now to FIG. 4, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of transmission grant coordination according to one ormore embodiments. FIG. 4 depicts an alternative embodiment comprisingsteps 1-6. At step 1, the base station 104 can be authorized andtransmitting on channels 1, 2, and 3. At step 2, all of the serveddevices (e.g., device A and device B) can be authorized to transmit onchannels 1 and 3, but few or no attached devices are authorized totransmit on channel 2 (e.g., because the spectrum administration systemhas revoked or suspended the authorization to transmit on that channelfor the devices due to their location and/or orientation while notrevoking or suspending it for the base station). At step 3, device A 202can be connected on channel 1 and device B 204 can be connected onchannel 3. At step 4. devices A and B can send measurement reports(periodically and/or on-demand) for channels 1 and 3, but not forchannel 2, because they are not authorized to transmit on channel 2 Atstep 5, a processor at the base station 104, based on aggregatedinformation from the device measurement reports, can determine that asignificant number of devices are not authorized to transmit on channel2, and that one or more other channels (e.g., channel 4) is suitable tobe used instead of channel 2. The processor can then instruct the basestation 104 to relinquish authorization to transmit on channel 2, and torequest authorization to transmit on new channel 4. At step 6, thespectrum administration system 206, upon receipt of the requests fromthe base station 104, can release the base station's 104 authorizationto transmit on channel 2 and provide the base station 104 withauthorization to transmit on channel 4.

Referring now to FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic system blockdiagram of a device transmission suspension notice according to one ormore embodiments. FIG. 5 depicts the case where the device (e.g., deviceA 202, device B, 204) receives an indication that its authorization totransmit on a frequency has been suspended or revoked before its servingbase station 104 receives the equivalent indication, but the solutiondiscussed above enables a non-service-affecting handover to be initiatedby the base station 104. At step 1, the base station 104 can send a“heartbeat” message to the spectrum administration system 206 andreceive continued authorization to transmit on a channel. At step 2,immediately after this heartbeat message, an event 503 can occur thattriggers the spectrum administration system 206 to suspend transmitauthorization on a channel in use by the base station 104 and some setof served devices. Because the authorization process is a“query/response” heartbeat initiated by the base station 104 and devices(e.g., device A 202, device B, 204), the spectrum administration system206 does not proactively inform the base station 104 or devices (e.g.,device A 202, device B, 204), but waits for their next heartbeatmessage. At step 3, immediately after the event occurs, a device (e.g.,device A 202, device B, 204) can send a “heartbeat” message to thespectrum administration system 206 and receive an indication that itsauthorization to transmit on the channel it is using has been suspended.At step 4, the device (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) can take noimmediate action, but starts a 60-second timer. It should be noted thatany time can be used for the timer. At step 5, less than 60 secondsafter the previous heartbeat message (sent in step 1 above), the basestation 104 can send a subsequent heartbeat message to the spectrumadministration system 206, and receive an indication that itsauthorization to transmit on the channel used by one or more devices hasbeen suspended. Because the device is running a 60-second timer, thisindication can be received before the device timer runs out. At step 6,the base station 104 can immediately initiate handover of the serveddevices (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) on that channel to adifferent channel. This can occurs prior to the device timer runningout, and maintains service continuity for the devices. Upon completionof the handover, the device is no longer transmitting on the channel forwhich the spectrum administration system suspended its authorization totransmit (meeting the requirements of the FCC rules to stop transmittingwithin 60 seconds of receiving an indication that authorization has beensuspended).

Referring now to FIG. 6, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of a base station transmission suspension notice accordingto one or more embodiments. FIG. 6 depicts a simpler case where the basestation 104 can receive an indication that its authorization to transmiton a channel has been suspended or revoked before a connected device(e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) receives the equivalent indication.At step 1, the device (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) can send a“heartbeat” message to the spectrum administration system 206 andreceive continued authorization to transmit on a channel. At step 2, atany point after this heartbeat, an event can occur that triggers thespectrum administration system 206 to suspend transmit authorization ona channel in use by the base station 104 and some set of the serveddevices (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204). Because the authorizationprocess is a “query/response” heartbeat initiated by the base station104 and devices (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204), the spectrumadministration system 206 does not proactively inform the base station104 or devices (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204), but waits for theirnext heartbeat message. At step 3, after the event occurs, the basestation 104 can send a “heartbeat” message to the spectrumadministration system 206 and receive an indication that itsauthorization to transmit on the channel it is using has been suspended.At step 4, the base station 104 can immediately initiate handover of theserved devices (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) on that channel to adifferent channel. Upon completion of the handover, the device (e.g.,device A 202, device B, 204) is no longer transmitting on the channelfor which the spectrum administration system 206 suspended the basestation's 104 authorization to transmit. No less than four minutes afterthe previous heartbeat (sent in step 1 above), the device (e.g., deviceA 202, device B, 204) can send a subsequent heartbeat message to thespectrum administration system 206, and receive an indication that itsauthorization to transmit on the channel (from which it was handed overin step 4 above) has been suspended. Because it is no longertransmitting on that channel (due to the handover), it meets therequirements of the FCC rules to stop transmitting within 60 seconds ofreceiving an indication that authorization has been suspended withouttaking any further action. Because it is possible (due to differences inantenna position and orientation as discussed elsewhere) that thespectrum administration system 206 can suspend or revoke a device's(e.g., device A 202, device B, 204) authorization to transmit on achannel but not suspend or revoke the serving base station's 104authorization to transmit on that channel, expiration of the 60-seconddevice timer discussed above can result in the device (e.g., device A202, device B, 204) autonomously stopping transmission and selecting anew channel to connect to the network. In this case, there can be aservice interruption, but the device (e.g., device A 202, device B, 204)will not be isolated from the network.

Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrated is an example flow diagram for amethod for transmission authorization for a according to one or moreembodiments. At element 700, a method can comprise receiving, by a firstnetwork device (e.g., device A 202), authorization data representativeof an authorization to transmit a signal via a wireless channel from asecond network device (e.g., spectrum administration system 206) of awireless network 200. At element 702, the method can comprise selecting,by the first network device (e.g., device A 202), the wireless channelfrom a group of channels for a wireless transmission in response to thereceiving. Additionally, in response to the selecting the wirelesschannel for the wireless transmission, at element 704, the method cancomprise updating, by the first network device (e.g., device A 202),channel data representative of the wireless channel to be used for thewireless transmission.

Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrated is an example flow diagram for asystem for transmission authorization for a according to one or moreembodiments. At element 800 a system can facilitate receiving, from awireless network device (e.g., spectrum administration system 206),authorization data, representative of an authorization to utilize afirst wireless channel of a wireless network. At element 802, the systemcan comprise receiving, from a base station device (e.g., network node104), channel data, representative of the first wireless channel, to beused for a transmission with the base station device (e.g., network node104) of the wireless network. Furthermore, in response to the receivingthe channel data, at element 804, the system can comprise relinquishingan ability (e.g., device A 202, device B 204) to transmit wireless datavia a second wireless channel of the wireless network.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrates an example flow diagram for amachine-readable medium for transmission authorization for a accordingto one or more embodiments. At element 900, a machine-readable storagemedium that can perform the operations comprising receiving (via networknode 104), from a first wireless network device (e.g., spectrumadministration system 206) of a wireless network, permission datarepresentative of a permission to transmit a signal via a wirelesschannel. In response to the receiving (via the network node 104) thepermission data, the machine-readable storage medium can perform theoperations comprising transmitting (via the network node 104) the signalvia the wireless channel at element 902. Additionally, in response tothe transmitting of the signal, the machine-readable storage medium canperform the operations comprising receiving (via the network node 104)an indication of a selection of the wireless channel for a transmissionby a second wireless network device (e.g., device B 204) to the basestation device (e.g., the network node 104) at element 904.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is a schematic block diagram of anexemplary end-user device such as a mobile device 1000 capable ofconnecting to a network in accordance with some embodiments describedherein. Although a mobile handset 1000 is illustrated herein, it will beunderstood that other devices can be a mobile device, and that themobile handset 1000 is merely illustrated to provide context for theembodiments of the various embodiments described herein. The followingdiscussion is intended to provide a brief, general description of anexample of a suitable environment 1000 in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices.

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD ROM,digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magneticcassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store thedesired information and which can be accessed by the computer.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The handset 1000 includes a processor 1002 for controlling andprocessing all onboard operations and functions. A memory 1004interfaces to the processor 1002 for storage of data and one or moreapplications 1006 (e.g., a video player software, user feedbackcomponent software, etc.). Other applications can include voicerecognition of predetermined voice commands that facilitate initiationof the user feedback signals. The applications 1006 can be stored in thememory 1004 and/or in a firmware 1008, and executed by the processor1002 from either or both the memory 1004 or/and the firmware 1008. Thefirmware 1008 can also store startup code for execution in initializingthe handset 1000. A communications component 1010 interfaces to theprocessor 1002 to facilitate wired/wireless communication with externalsystems, e.g., cellular networks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, thecommunications component 1010 can also include a suitable cellulartransceiver 1010 (e.g., a GSM transceiver) and/or an unlicensedtransceiver 1013 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax) for corresponding signalcommunications. The handset 1000 can be a device such as a cellulartelephone, a PDA with mobile communications capabilities, andmessaging-centric devices. The communications component 1010 alsofacilitates communications reception from terrestrial radio networks(e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, and Internet-basedradio services networks.

The handset 1000 includes a display 1012 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 1012 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 1012 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1014 is provided in communication with the processor 1002 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 1000, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 1016, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 1016 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 1000 can include a slot interface 1018 for accommodating aSIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a cardSubscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 1020, and interfacingthe SIM card 1020 with the processor 1002. However, it is to beappreciated that the SIM card 1020 can be manufactured into the handset1000, and updated by downloading data and software.

The handset 1000 can process IP data traffic through the communicationcomponent 1010 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 1000 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or decoded format.

A video processing component 1022 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 1022can aid in facilitating the generation, editing and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 1000 also includes a power source 1024 in the formof batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 1024 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 1026.

The handset 1000 can also include a video component 1030 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 1030 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 1032 facilitates geographically locating the handset 1000. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 1034facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 1034 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 1034 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 1006, a hysteresis component 1036facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 1038 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 1038 when the Wi-Fi transceiver1013 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 1040 enablesthe handset 1000 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriberwith the SIP registrar server. The applications 1006 can also include aclient 1042 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play andstore of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 1000, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 1010, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 1013 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.xx, for the dual-mode GSM handset 1000. The handset 1000 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

In order to provide additional context for various embodiments describedherein, FIG. 12 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment 1200 inwhich the various embodiments of the embodiment described herein can beimplemented. While the embodiments have been described above in thegeneral context of computer-executable instructions that can run on oneor more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that theembodiments can be also implemented in combination with other programmodules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT)devices, distributed computing systems, as well as personal computers,hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmableconsumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be operativelycoupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be alsopracticed in distributed computing environments where certain tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed computing environment, programmodules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media, machine-readable storage media,and/or communications media, which two terms are used herein differentlyfrom one another as follows. Computer-readable storage media ormachine-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readablestorage media can be implemented in connection with any method ortechnology for storage of information such as computer-readable ormachine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data orunstructured data.

Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to,random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electricallyerasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or othermemory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digitalversatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other optical disk storage,magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, solid state drives or other solid statestorage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which canbe used to store desired information. In this regard, the terms“tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage, memory orcomputer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude onlypropagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquishrights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media thatare not only propagating transitory signals per se.

Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local orremote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or otherdata retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect tothe information stored by the medium. Communications media typicallyembody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modulesor other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as amodulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transportmechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport media. Theterm “modulated data signal” or signals refers to a signal that has oneor more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as toencode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and notlimitation, communication media include wired media, such as a wirednetwork or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic,RF, infrared and other wireless media.

In order to provide additional context for various embodiments describedherein, FIG. 11 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment 1100 inwhich the various embodiments of the embodiment described herein can beimplemented. While the embodiments have been described above in thegeneral context of computer-executable instructions that can run on oneor more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that theembodiments can be also implemented in combination with other programmodules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT)devices, distributed computing systems, as well as personal computers,hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmableconsumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be operativelycoupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be alsopracticed in distributed computing environments where certain tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed computing environment, programmodules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media, machine-readable storage media,and/or communications media, which two terms are used herein differentlyfrom one another as follows. Computer-readable storage media ormachine-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readablestorage media can be implemented in connection with any method ortechnology for storage of information such as computer-readable ormachine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data orunstructured data.

Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to,random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electricallyerasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or othermemory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digitalversatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other optical disk storage,magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, solid state drives or other solid statestorage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which canbe used to store desired information. In this regard, the terms“tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage, memory orcomputer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude onlypropagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquishrights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media thatare not only propagating transitory signals per se.

Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local orremote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or otherdata retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect tothe information stored by the medium.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructureddata in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrierwave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information deliveryor transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refersto a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changedin such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference again to FIG. 11, the example environment 1100 forimplementing various embodiments of the aspects described hereinincludes a computer 1102, the computer 1102 including a processing unit1104, a system memory 1106 and a system bus 1108. The system bus 1108couples system components including, but not limited to, the systemmemory 1106 to the processing unit 1104. The processing unit 1104 can beany of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessorsand other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as theprocessing unit 1104.

The system bus 1108 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1106includes ROM 1110 and RAM 1112. A basic input/output system (BIOS) canbe stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmableread only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routinesthat help to transfer information between elements within the computer1102, such as during startup. The RAM 1112 can also include a high-speedRAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1102 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1114 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), one or more external storage devices 1116(e.g., a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1116, a memory stick or flashdrive reader, a memory card reader, etc.) and an optical disk drive 1120(e.g., which can read or write from a CD-ROM disc, a DVD, a BD, etc.).While the internal HDD 1114 is illustrated as located within thecomputer 1102, the internal HDD 1114 can also be configured for externaluse in a suitable chassis (not shown). Additionally, while not shown inenvironment 1100, a solid state drive (SSD) could be used in additionto, or in place of, an HDD 1114. The HDD 1114, external storagedevice(s) 1116 and optical disk drive 1120 can be connected to thesystem bus 1108 by an HDD interface 1124, an external storage interface1126 and an optical drive interface 1128, respectively. The interface1124 for external drive implementations can include at least one or bothof Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other externaldrive connection technologies are within contemplation of theembodiments described herein.

The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1102, the drives andstorage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digitalformat. Although the description of computer-readable storage mediaabove refers to respective types of storage devices, it should beappreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of storagemedia which are readable by a computer, whether presently existing ordeveloped in the future, could also be used in the example operatingenvironment, and further, that any such storage media can containcomputer-executable instructions for performing the methods describedherein.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1112,including an operating system 1130, one or more application programs1132, other program modules 1134 and program data 1136. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1112. The systems and methods described herein can beimplemented utilizing various commercially available operating systemsor combinations of operating systems.

Computer 1102 can optionally comprise emulation technologies. Forexample, a hypervisor (not shown) or other intermediary can emulate ahardware environment for operating system 1130, and the emulatedhardware can optionally be different from the hardware illustrated inFIG. 11. In such an embodiment, operating system 1130 can comprise onevirtual machine (VM) of multiple VMs hosted at computer 1102.Furthermore, operating system 1130 can provide runtime environments,such as the Java runtime environment or the .NET framework, forapplications 1132. Runtime environments are consistent executionenvironments that allow applications 1132 to run on any operating systemthat includes the runtime environment. Similarly, operating system 1130can support containers, and applications 1132 can be in the form ofcontainers, which are lightweight, standalone, executable packages ofsoftware that include, e.g., code, runtime, system tools, systemlibraries and settings for an application.

Further, computer 1102 can be enable with a security module, such as atrusted processing module (TPM). For instance with a TPM, bootcomponents hash next in time boot components, and wait for a match ofresults to secured values, before loading a next boot component. Thisprocess can take place at any layer in the code execution stack ofcomputer 1102, e.g., applied at the application execution level or atthe operating system (OS) kernel level, thereby enabling security at anylevel of code execution.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1102 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1138, a touchscreen 1140, and a pointing device, such as a mouse 1142. Other inputdevices (not shown) can include a microphone, an infrared (IR) remotecontrol, a radio frequency (RF) remote control, or other remote control,a joystick, a virtual reality controller and/or virtual reality headset,a game pad, a stylus pen, an image input device, e.g., camera(s), agesture sensor input device, a vision movement sensor input device, anemotion or facial detection device, a biometric input device, e.g.,fingerprint or iris scanner, or the like. These and other input devicesare often connected to the processing unit 1104 through an input deviceinterface 1144 that can be coupled to the system bus 1108, but can beconnected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, a BLUETOOTH®interface, etc.

A monitor 1146 or other type of display device can be also connected tothe system bus 1108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1148. Inaddition to the monitor 1146, a computer typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1102 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1150. The remotecomputer(s) 1150 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentappliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer1102, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device1152 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted includewired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1154 and/orlarger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1156. Such LAN and WANnetworking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, andfacilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all ofwhich can connect to a global communications network, e.g., theInternet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can beconnected to the local network 1154 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1158. The adapter 1158 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1154, which canalso include a wireless access point (AP) disposed thereon forcommunicating with the adapter 1158 in a wireless mode.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can includea modem 1160 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN1156 via other means for establishing communications over the WAN 1156,such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1160, which can be internal orexternal and a wired or wireless device, can be connected to the systembus 1108 via the input device interface 1144. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1102 orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1152. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexample and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

When used in either a LAN or WAN networking environment, the computer1102 can access cloud storage systems or other network-based storagesystems in addition to, or in place of, external storage devices 1116 asdescribed above. Generally, a connection between the computer 1102 and acloud storage system can be established over a LAN 1154 or WAN 1156e.g., by the adapter 1158 or modem 1160, respectively. Upon connectingthe computer 1102 to an associated cloud storage system, the externalstorage interface 1126 can, with the aid of the adapter 1158 and/ormodem 1160, manage storage provided by the cloud storage system as itwould other types of external storage. For instance, the externalstorage interface 1126 can be configured to provide access to cloudstorage sources as if those sources were physically connected to thecomputer 1102.

The computer 1102 can be operable to communicate with any wirelessdevices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication,e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portabledata assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment orlocation associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk,news stand, store shelf, etc.), and telephone. This can include WirelessFidelity (Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTH® wireless technologies. Thus, thecommunication can be a predefined structure as with a conventionalnetwork or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.

The computer is operable to communicate with any wireless devices orentities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., aprinter, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable dataassistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or locationassociated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand,restroom), and telephone. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth™wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefinedstructure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoccommunication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the Internet from acouch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or a conference room at work,without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in acell phone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send andreceive data indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a basestation. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.xx (a, b,g, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. AWi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to theInternet, and to wired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet).Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, atan 11 Mbps (802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, orwith products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks canprovide real-world performance similar to the basic 10BaseT wiredEthernet networks used in many offices.

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding FIGs, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: based on measurementsreports from a group of user equipment, determining, by a base stationdevice comprising a processor, a first channel for which a quantity ofuser equipment of the group of user equipment exceeding a threshold arenot reporting measurements; relinquishing, by the base station device, acurrent authorization for the base station device to transmit on thefirst channel; sending, by the base station device, to a spectrumadministration device, a request for the base station device to transmitvia a second channel different from the first channel; receiving, by thebase station device, from the spectrum administration device,authorization data representative of an authorization for the basestation device to transmit via the second channel; in response to thereceiving, selecting, by the base station device, the second channel fora wireless transmission from a group of channels on which the basestation device is authorized to transmit; in response to the selectingof the second channel for the wireless transmission, updating, by thebase station device, channel data representative of the second channelto be used for the wireless transmission, and broadcasting, by the basestation device, via a third channel of the group of channels, thechannel data to the group of user equipment, wherein the third channelis different from the first channel and the second channel.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the base stationdevice, via the second channel, a measurement report from a userequipment of the group of user equipment, wherein the measurement reportcomprises information specifying channels via which the user equipmentis authorized, by the spectrum administration device, to transmit. 3.The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the second channel isbased on radio frequency data associated with a radio frequency of thesecond channel.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel data isbroadcasted via a system information block of the third channel.
 5. Themethod of claim 4, wherein the system information block comprisesneighbor channel data representative of a fourth channel of the group ofchannels that the base station device is authorized by the spectrumadministration device to utilize for the wireless transmission.
 6. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the channel data is first channel data, andfurther comprising: broadcasting, by the base station device, via thethird channel, the first channel data and second channel data,associated with a fourth channel that the base station device isauthorized by the spectrum administration device to utilize.
 7. Themethod of claim 6, wherein the request is a first request, and furthercomprising: in response to the sending of the second channel data,receiving, by the base station device, a second request from a userequipment of the group of user equipment to communicate via the fourthchannel.
 8. A non-transitory machine-readable medium, comprisingexecutable instructions that, when executed by a processor of a basestation device, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: basedon measurements reports from a group of user equipment, determining afirst wireless channel for which a quantity of user equipment of thegroup of user equipment exceeding a threshold are not reportingmeasurements; ending a current authorization for the base station deviceto transmit on the first wireless channel; transmitting to a spectrumadministration device, a request for the base station device to transmitvia a second channel different from the first wireless channel;receiving, from the spectrum administration device of a wirelessnetwork, permission data representative of a permission for the basestation device to transmit via a second wireless channel; in response tothe receiving of the permission data, transmitting, via a third wirelesschannel, channel data indicative of the permission for the base stationdevice to transmit via the second wireless channel; and in response tothe transmitting of the channel data, receiving an indication of aselection of the second wireless channel for a transmission by a userequipment to the base station device.
 9. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the operations furthercomprise: requesting permission to transmit via a fourth wirelesschannel.
 10. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 8,wherein the request is a first request, and wherein the indication ofthe selection comprises a second request to communicate with the basestation device via the second wireless channel.
 11. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the operations furthercomprise: in response to the receiving of the second request,communicating with the user equipment via the second wireless channel.12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 8, wherein thetransmitting of the channel data on the third wireless channel comprisestransmitting a system information block via the third wireless channel.13. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 12, wherein thesystem information block comprises identification data representative ofa fourth wireless channel via which the base station device haspermission to transmit.
 14. A network node device, comprising: aprocessor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor, facilitate performance of operations,comprising: based on measurements reports from a group of mobiledevices, determining a first channel for which a quantity of mobiledevices of the group of mobile devices exceeding a threshold are notreporting measurements; surrendering a current authorization for thenetwork node device to transmit on the first channel; sending, to aspectrum administration device, a request for the network node device totransmit via a second channel different from the first channel;receiving, from the spectrum administration device, authorization datarepresentative of an authorization for the network node device totransmit via the second channel; in response to the receiving, selectingthe second channel for a wireless transmission from a group of channelson which the network node device is authorized to transmit; in responseto the selecting of the second channel for the wireless transmission,updating channel data representative of the second channel to be usedfor the wireless transmission, and broadcasting, via a third channel ofthe group of channels, the channel data to the group of mobile devices,wherein the third channel is different from the first channel and thesecond channel.
 15. The network node device of claim 14, furthercomprising: receiving, via the second channel, a measurement report froma mobile device of the group of mobile devices, wherein the measurementreport comprises information specifying channels via which the mobiledevice is authorized, by the spectrum administration device, totransmit.
 16. The network node device of claim 14, wherein the selectingof the second channel is based on radio frequency data associated with aradio frequency of the second channel.
 17. The network node device ofclaim 14, wherein the channel data is broadcasted via a systeminformation block of the third channel.
 18. The network node device ofclaim 17, wherein the system information block comprises neighborchannel data representative of a fourth channel of the group of channelsthat the network node device is authorized by the spectrumadministration device to utilize for the wireless transmission.
 19. Thenetwork node device of claim 14, wherein the channel data is firstchannel data, and further comprising: broadcasting, via the thirdchannel, the first channel data and second channel data, associated witha fourth channel that the network node device is authorized by thespectrum administration device to utilize.
 20. The network node deviceof claim 19, wherein the request is a first request, and furthercomprising: in response to the sending of the second channel data,receiving a second request from a mobile device of the group of mobiledevices to communicate via the fourth channel.